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Specially Appointed Professor Ryuichiro Machida

dresden meeting in 2006 open lecture Pedetontus unimaculatus

Contact:

Tel : +81-268-74-2002
Fax : +81-268-74-2016
Mail: machida@sugadaira.tsukuba.ac.jp
Study Fiedld: Animal Phylogeny
Study Themes: Comparative Embryological Studies of Arthropods, with Special Reference to the Origin, Phylogeny in Higher Levels and Groundplan of Insects; Taxonomical, Biogeographical Studies and Faunal Survey of Insects

dinasour Focus of Study    
bristletail Contributions in English    

List of courses offered picture by Ryu





Focus of Study

 Arthropods, which account for more than 75% of animal species, are the most diverse and prosperous animals on the planet Earth. We are studying the arthropods, with special reference to insects, in light of comparative embryology and morphology, aiming at the elucidation of their origin, phylogeny in higher levels, the reconstruction their groundplan and the illustration of their evolutionary paths.

We are also making a faunal survey of animals around Sugadaira and taxonomical and biological studies of insects.


Archaeognathan egg in the initial stage of holoblastic cleavage



Early embryo of a centipede









Contribution in English



136. Mtow, S. and R. Machida (2019) Note on the Thickened Serosa and Serosal Cuticle Formed beneath the Embryo in Scopura montana Maruyama, 1987 (Insecta, Plecoptera, Scopuridae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 52: 11-14.

135. Hirai, Y., N. Okuda, N. Saito, T. Ogawa, R. Machida, S. Nomura, M. Ohara, M. Haseyama and M. Shimomura (2019) The friction properties of firebrat scales. Biomimetics, 2019, 4, 2: doi:10.3390/biomimetics4010002.

134. Brandt, A., J. Bast, S. Scheu, K. Meusemann, A. Donath, K. Schütte, R. Machida and K. Kraaijeveld (2019) No signal of deleterious mutation accumulation in conserved nene sequences of extant asexual hexapods. Scientific Reports, 9: 5338, doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41821-x.

133. Evangelista, D.A., B. Wipfler, O. Béthoux, A. Donath, M. Fujita, M.K. Kohli, F. Legendre, S. Liu, R. Machida, B. Misof, R.S. Peters, L. Podsiadlowski, J. Rust, K. Schuette, W. Tollenaa, J.L. Ware, T. Wappler, X. Zhou, K. Meusemann and S. Simon (2019) An Integrative Phylogenomic Approach Illuminates the Evolutionary History of Cockroaches and Termites (Blattodea). Proceedings of the Royal Society B (2019) 286: 20182076; doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2076.

132. Wipfler, B., H. Letsch, P. B. Frandsen, P. Kapli, C. Mayer, D. Bartel, T. R. Buckley, A. Donath, J. S. Edgerly-Rooks, M. Fujita, S. Liu, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, B. Misof, O. Niehuis, R. S. Peters, M. Petersen, L. Podsiadlowski, K. Schutte, S. Shimizu, T. Uchifune, J. Wilbrandt, E. Yan, X. Zhou, and S. Simon (2019) Evolutionary History of Polyneoptera and Its Implications for Our Understanding of Early Winged Insects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 116(8): 3024-3029; doi/10.1073/pnas.1817794116.

131. Mtow, S. and R. Machida (2018b) Development and ultrastructure of the thickened serosa and serosal cuticle formed beneath the embryo in the stonefly Scopura montana Maruyama, 1987 (Insecta, Plecoptera, Scopuridae). Arthropod Structure & Development, 47: 643-654.

130. Mtow, S. and R. Machida (2018a) Egg structure and embryonic development of arctoperlarian stoneflies: a comparative embryological study (Plecoptera). Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny, 76: 65-86.

129. Mashimo, Y., Y. Matsumura, R.G. Beutel, L. Njoroge and Ryuichiro Machida (2018) A remarkable new species of Zoraptera, Zorotypus asymmetristernum sp. n., from Kenya (Insecta, Zoraptera, Zorotypidae). Zootaxa, 4388: 407-416.

128. Fukui, M., M. Fujita, S. Tomizuka, Y. Mashimo, S. Shimizu, C.Y. Lee, Y. Murakami and R. Machida (2017) Egg structure and outline of embryonic development of the basal mantodean, Metallyticus splendidus Westwood, 1835 (Insecta, Mantodea, Metallyticidae). Arthropod Structure & Development, 47: 64-73.

127. Mashimo, Y. and R. Machida (2017) Embryological evidence substantiates the subcoxal theory on the origin of pleuron in insects. Scientific Reports. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12728-2.

126. Fujita, M. and R. Machida (2017) Embryonic development of Eucorydia yasumatsui Asahina, with special reference to external morphology (Insecta: Blattodea, Corydiidae). Journal of Morphology, 278: 1469-1489.

125. Romano, D., M. David, Y. Mashimo, R. Machida and R.G. Beutel (2017) The morphology and ultrastructure of salivary glands of Zoraptera (Insecta). Arthropod Structure & Development, 46: 508-517.

124. Sato, Y., Y. Mashimo, R.O. Suzuki, A.S. Hirao, E. Takagi, R. Kanai, D. Masaki, M. Sato and R. Machida (2017) Potential impact of an exotic plant invasion on both plant and arthropod communities in a semi-natural grassland on Sugadaira Montane in Japan. Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agricultures 12: 52-64.

123. Mashimo, Y., M. Fukui, and R. Machida (2016) Egg structure and ultrastructure of Paterdecolyus yanbarensis (Insecta, Orthoptera, Anostostomatidae, Anabropsinae). Arthropod Structure & Development, 45: 637-641.

122. Dallai, R., D. Mercati, Y. Mashimo, R. Machida and R.G. Beutel (2016) The fine structure of the rectal pads of Zorotypus caudelli Karny (Zoraptera, Insecta). Arthropod Structure & Development, 45: 380-388.

121. Mashimo, Y. and R. Machida (2016) A challenge to the subcoxal theories of pleural and sternal origins in insects. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 50: 21.

120. Kojima, K. and R. Machida (2016) Embryology of a “living fossil” beetle, Tenomerga mucida (Chevrolat, 1829) (Archostemata, Cupedidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 50: 17.

119. Mtow, S. and R. Machida (2016) Comparative Embryology of Plecoptera (Insecta). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 50: 15.

118. Fujita, M., A. Blanke, S. Nomura and R. Machida (2016) Simple artifact-free SEM observations of insect embryos: application of the nano-suit method to insect embryology. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 50: 7-10.

117. Mashimo, Y. and R. Machida (2016) Postembryonic development of Zorotypus caudelli Karny (Insecta, Zoraptera, Zorotypidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 49: 17.

116. Machida, R., M. Fukui, K. Sekiya and S. Tomizuka (2016) Early splitting of Hexapoda reviewed from the comparative embyrology. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 49: 15.

115. Tomizuka, S., M. Fukui, K. Sekiya and R. Machida (2016) Entognathy formations of three entognathan orders: A phylogenetic argument. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 49: 13.

114. Fujita, M. and R. Machida (2016) Embryonic development of Eucorydia yasumatsui Asahina (Insecta: Blattodea, Corydiidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 49: 9.

113. Matsushima, M. and R. Machida (2016) Early embryonic development of Reticulitermes speratus (Kolbe, 1885) (Insecta: Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 49: 7.

112. Meusemann, K., D. Bartel, N. Szuschich, A. Bohm, M. Walzl, G. Timelthaler, G. Pass, A. Blanke, M. Petersen, P. Ruhr, R. Machida, K. Sekiya, Y. Nakagaki, S. Tomizuka, M. Fukui, B. Misof and on the behalf of the 1KITE Consortium (2016) Introducing the 1KITE Project and first results on Phylogenomics of apterygote hexapods bassed on thousands of orthologous genes. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 49: 5.

111. Chaves, G., C. Derst, A. Franzen, Y. Mashimo, R. Machida and B. Musset (2016) Identification of an HV1 Voltage-Gated Proton Channel in Insects. The FEBS Journal, 283 (8): 1453-1464.

110. Blanke, A. and R. Machida (2016) The homology of cephalic muscles and endoskeletal elements between Diplura and Ectognatha (Insecta). Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 16 (1): 241-257.

109. Zhou, C., M. Tan, S. Du, R. Zhang, R. Machida and X. Zhou (2016) The mitochondrial genome of the winter stonefly Apteroperla tikumana (Plecoptera, Capniidae). Mitochondrial DNA Part A, 27 (4): 3020-3032.

108. Mashimo, Y., R.G. Beutel, R. Dallai, M. Gottardo, C.Y. Lee and R. Machida (2015) The morphology of the eggs of three species of Zoraptera (Insecta). Arthropod Structure & Development, 44: 656-666.

107. Nakagaki, Y., M. Sakuma and R. Machida (2015) Expression of engrailed-family genes in the jumping bristletail and discussion on the primitive pattern of insect segmentation. Development Genes and Evolution, 225: 313-318.

106. Blanke, A., P. Rühr, R. Mokso, P. Villanueva, F. Wilde, M. Stampanoni, K. Uesugi, R. Machida and B. Misof (2015) Structural mouthpart interaction evolved already in the earliest lineages of insects. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 282: 20151033.

105. Yavorskaya, M. I., K. Kojima, R. Machida and R. G. Beutel (2015) Morphology of the 1st instar larva of Tenomerga mucida (Chevrolat, 1829) (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Cupedidae). Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny, 73 (2): 241-260.

104. Fanciulli, P.P., D. Mercati, R. Machida and R. Dallai (2015) Spermiogenesis and sperm ultrastructure of Machilontus sp (Insecta: Archaeognatha) with phylogenetic consideration. Micron, 73: 47-53.

103. Tomizuka, S. and R. Machida (2015) Tentorial invaginations of the collembolan Tomocerus cuspidatus Börner, 1909 (Hexapoda: Collembola, Tomoceridae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 48, in press.

102. Matsumura, Y.*, Wiplfer, B.*, H. Pohl, R. Dallai, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, J.T. Câmera, J.A. Rafael and R.G. Beutel (2015)(* = equally contributed) Cephalic anatomy of Zorotypus weidneri New, 1978: New evidence for a placement of Zoraptera in Polyneoptera. Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny, 73 (1): 67-87.

101. Blanke, A., S. Büsse and R. Machida (2015) Coding characters from different life stages for phylogenetic reconstruction: a case study on dragonfly adults and larvae, including a description of the larval head anatomy of Epiophlebia superstes (Odonata: Epiophlebiidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 174: 718-732.

100. Dallai, R., A. Thipaksorn, M. Gottardo, D. Mercati, R. Machida and R.G. Beutel (2015) The sperm structure of Cryptocercus punctulatus Scudder (Blattodea) and sperm evolution in Dictyoptera. Journal of Morphology, 276(4): 361-369.

99. Tomizuka, S. and R. Machida (2015) Embryonic development of a collembolan, Tomocerus cuspidatus Börner, 1909: With special reference to the development and developmental potential of serosa (Hexapoda: Collembola, Tomoceridae). Arthropod Structure & Development, 44: 157-172.

98. Fraulob, M., R. Beutel, R. Machida and H. Pohl (2015) The embryonic developmentof Stylops ovinae (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) with emphasis on external morphology. Arthropod Structure & Development, 44: 42-68.

97. Blanke, A., R. Machida, N.U. Szucsich, F. Wilde and B. Misof (2015) Mandibles with two joints evolved much earlier in the history of insects: Dicondyly is a synapomorphy of bristletails, silverfish and winged insects. Systematic Entomology, 40: 357-364.

96. Dallai, R., M. Gottardo, D. Mercati, J.A. Rafael, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, Y. Matsumura and R.G. Beutel (2015) The intermediate sperm type and genitalia of Zorotypus shannoni Gurney - evidence supporting infraordinal lineages in Zoraptera (Insecta). Zoomorphology, 134: 79-91.

95. Misof, B., S. Liu, K. Meusemann, R.S. Peters, A. Donath, C. Mayer, P.B. Frandsen, J.Ware, T. Flouri, R.G. Beutel, O. Niehuis, M. Petersen, F. Izquierdo-Carrasco, T. Wappler, J. Rust, A.J. Aberer, U. Asöck, H. Aspöck, D. Bartel, A. Blanke, S. Berger, A. Böhm, T.R. Buckley, B. Calcott, J. Chen, F. Friedrich, M. Fukui, M. Fujita, C. Greve, P. Grobe, S. Gu, Y. Huang, L.S. Jermiin, A.Y. Kawahara, L. Krogmann, M. Kubiak, R. Lanfear, H. Letsch, Y. Li, Z. Li, J. Li, H. Lu, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, P. Kapli, D.D. McKenna, G. Meng, Y. Nakagaki, J.L. Navarrete-Heredia, M. Ott, Y. Ou, G. Pass, L. Podsiadlowski, H. Pohl, B.M. von Reumont, K. Schütte, K. Sekiya, S. Shimizu, A. Slipinski, A. Stamatakis, W. Song, X. Su, N.U. Szucsich, M. Tan, X. Tan, M. Tang, J. Tang, G. Timelthaler, S. Tomizuka, M. Trautwein, X. Tong, T. Uchifune, M.G. Walzl, B.M. Wiegmann, J. Wilbrandt, B. Wipfler, T.K.F. Wong, Q. Wu, G. Wu, Y. Xie, S. Yang, Q. Yang, D.K. Yeates, K. Yoshizawa, Q. Zhang, R. Zhang, W. Zhang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. Zhou, L. Zhou, T. Ziesmann, S. Zou, Y. Li, X. Xu, Y. Zhang, H. Yang, J. Wang, J. Wang, K. M. Kjer, X. Zhou (2014) Phylogenomics resolves timing and pattern of insect evolution. Science, 346(6210): 763-767.

94. Fujita, M. and R. Machida (2014) Reproductive biology and postembryonic development of a polyphagid cockroach Eucorydia yasumatsui Asahina (Blattodea: Polyphagidae). Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny, 72: 193-211 (OPEN ACCESS).

93. Mashimo, Y., R.G. Beutel, R. Dallai, C.-Y. Lee and R. Machida. (2014) Postembryonic development of the ground louse Zorotypus caudelli Karny (Insecta: Zoraptera: Zorotypidae). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 72: 54-71 (OPEN ACCESS).

92. Fujita, M. and R. Machida (2014) Preliminary Note on the Embryonic Development of Eucorydia yasumatsui Asahina (Insecta: Blattaria, Polyphagidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 48: in press.

91. Dallai, R., M. Gottardo, D. Mercati, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, Y. Matsumura, J.A. Rafael and R.G. Beutel (2014) Comparative morphology of spermatozoa and reproductive systems of zorapteran species from different world regions (Insecta, Zoraptera). Arthropod Structure and Development, 43: 371-383.

90. Niitsu, S., K. Toga, S. Tomizuka, K. Maekawa, R. Machida and T. Kamito (2014) Ecdysteroid-induced programmed cell death is essential for sex-specific wing degeneration for the wingless-female winter moth. PLoS One, 9(2): e89435 (OPEN ACCESS).

89. Matsumura, Y., K. Yoshizawa, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, R. Dallai, M. Gottardo, T. Kleinteich, J. Michels, S.N. Gorb and R.G. Beutel (2014) Two separate intromittent organs in Zorotypus caudelli (Insecta, Zoraptera): A seemingly paradox coexistence of an extremely long and narrow tube and a large spermatophore. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 112: 40-54.

88. Mashimo, Y., Y. Matsumura, R. Machida, R. Dallai, M. Gottardo, K. Yoshizawa, F. Friedrich, B. Wipfler and R.G. Beutel (2014) 100 years Zoraptera - a phantom in insect evolution and the history of its investigation. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 45: 371-393.

87. Wipfler, B., M. Bai, S. Schoville, R. Dallai, T. Uchifune, R. Machida, Y. Cui and R.G. Beutel (2014) Ice crawlers (Grylloblattodea) - The history of the investigation of a highly unusual group of Insects. Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 2(2): 1-25. (OPEN ACCESS)

86. Dallai, R., M. Gottardo, D. Mercati, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, Y. Matsumura and R.G. Beutel (2014) Giant spermatozoa and a huge spermatheca: A case of coevolution of male and female reproductive organs in the ground louse Zorotypus impolitus (Insecta, Zoraptera). Arthropod Structure and Development, 43: 135-151.

85. Mashimo, Y., R.G. Beutel, R. Dallai, C.Y. Lee and R. Machida (2014) Embryonic development of Zoraptera with special reference to external morphology, and its phylogenetic implications (Insecta). Journal of Morphology, 275: 295-312.

84. Dallai, R., D. Mercati, M. Gottardo, Y. Mashimo, R. Machida, Y. Matsumura and R.G. Beutel (2013) L’apparato genitale maschile e femminile degli Zoraptera (Insecta-Polyneoptera) e loro comportamento riproduttivo. Accademia Nazionale Italiana di Entomologia, 61: 173-183.

83. Sasaki, G., K. Ishiwata, R. Machida, T. Miyata and Z.-H. Su (2013) Molecular phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of Hexapoda and suggest the paraphyly of Entognatha. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 13, 236 (OPEN ACESS).

82. Mashimo, Y., K. Yoshizawa, M.S. Engel, I.A.B. Ghani, R. Dallai, R.G. Beutel and R. Machida (2013) Zorotypus in Peninsular Malaysia (Zoraptera: Zorotypidae), with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 3717: 498-514.

81. Dallai, R., M. Gottardo, D. Mercati, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo, Y. Matsumura and R.G. Beutel (2013) Divergent mating patterns and a unique mode of external sperm transfer in Zoraptera - an enigmatic group of pterygote insects. Naturewissenschaften, 100: 581-594.

80. Matsumura, Y., R. Machida, B. Wipfler, R.G. Beutel and, Y. Kazunori (2013) Parallel evolution of novelties: Extremely long intromittent organs in the leaf beetle subfamily Criocerinae. Evolution and Development, 15: 305-315.

79. Schoville, S.D., T. Uchifune and R. Machida (2013) Colliding fragment islands transport independent lineages of endemic rock-crawlers (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) in the Japanese archipelago. Molecular Phylogeneticus and Evolution, 66: 915-927.

78. Dallai, R., D. Mercati, M. Gottardo, A.T. Dossey, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo and R.G. Beutel (2012) The male and female reproductive systems of Zorotypus hubbardi Caudell, 1918 (Zoraptera). Arthropod Structure and Development, 41: 337-359.

77. Dallai, R., D. Mercati, M. Gottardo, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo and R.G. Beutel (2012) The fine structure of the female reproductive system of Zorotypus caudelli Karny (Zoraptera). Arthropod Structure and Development, 41: 51-63.

76. Sekiya, K. and R. Machida (2011) Formation of the entognathy of Dicellurata, Occasjapyx japonicus (Enderlein, 1907) (Hexapoda: Diplura, Dicellurata). Soil Organisms, 83: 399-404. (OPEN ACCESS)

75. Dallai, R., D. Mercati, M. Gottardo, R. Machida, Y. Mashimo and R. G. Beutel (2011) The male reproductive system of Zorotypus caudelli Karny (Zoraptera): Sperm structure and spermiogenesis. Arthropod Structure and Development, 40: 531-547.

74. Shimizu, S. and R. Machida (2011) Reproductive biology and postembryonic development in the basal earwig Diplatys flavicollis (Shiraki) (Insecta: Dermaptera: Diplatyidae). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 69: 83-97.

73. Shimizu, S. and R. Machida (2011) Notes on mating and oviposition of a primitive representative of the higher Forficulina, Apachyus chartaceus (Insecta: Dermaptera: Apachyidae). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 69: 75-81.

72. Mashimo, Y., R. Machida, R. Dallai, M. Gottardo, D. Mercati and R. G. Beutel (2011) Egg structure of Zorotypus caudelli Karny (Insecta, Zoraptera, Zorotypidae). Tissue and Cell, 43: 230-237.

72. Thipaksorn, A., R. Machida, C. Nalepa and K. Maekawa (2011) An SEM observation on the crest structure of ootheca of a wood-feeding cockroach, Cryptocercus punctulatus Scudder (Insecta, Blattodea, Cryptocercidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 46: 19-20.

70. Fujita, M., S. Shimizu and R. Machida (2011) Establishing a culture of Eucorydia yasumatsui Asahina (Insecta: Blattaria, Polyphagidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 46: 1-3.

69. Wipfler, B., R. Machida, B. Muller and R. G. Beutel (2011) On the head morphology of Grylloblattodea (Insecta) and the systematic position of the order, with a new nomenclature for the head muscles of Dicondylia. Systematics Entomology, 36: 241-266.

68. Dallai, R., D. Mercati, A. Carapelli, F. Nardi, R. Machida, K. Sekiya and F. Frati (2011) Sperm accessory microtubules suggest the placement of Diplura as the sister-group of Insecta s.s. Arthoropod Structure and Development, 40: 77-92.

67. Oka, K., N. Yoshiyama, K. Tojo, R. Machida and M. Hatakeyama (2010) Characterization of abdominal appendages in the sawfly, Athalia rosae (Hymenoptera), by morphological and gene expression analyses. Development, Genes and Evolution, 220: 53-59.

66. Jintsu, Y., T. Uchifune and R. Machida (2010) Structural features of eggs of the primitive phasmatodean Timema monikensis Vickery & Sandoval, 1998 (Insecta: Phasmatodea, Timematidae). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 68: 125-132.

65. Zizzani, Z. V., R. Machida, K. Tsutsumi, D. Reynoso-Velasco, P. Lupetti and R. Dallai (2010) Ultrastructural studies on euspermatozoa and paraspermatozoa in Mantispidae (Insecta, Neuroptera). Tissue and Cell, 42: 81-87.

64. Niwa, N., A. Akimoto-Kato, T. Niimi, K. Tojo, R. Machida and S. Hayashi (2010) Evolutionary origin of the insect wing via integration of two developmental modules. Evolution and Development, 12: 168-176.

63. Sekiya, K. and R. Machida (2009) Embryonic development of Occasjapyx japonicus (Enderlein): Notable features (Hexapoda: Diplura, Dicellurata). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 44: 13-18.

62. Jintsu, Y. and R. Machida (2009) TEM Observations of the egg membranes of a webspinner, Aposthonia japonica (Okajima) (Insecta: Embioptera). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 44: 19-24.

61. Fukui, M. and R. Machida (2009) Formation of the entognathy in Baculentulus densus (Imadate) (Hexapoda: Protura, Acerentomidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 44: 25-27.

60. Shimizu, S. and R. Machida (2009) Eggs and their deposition and care of a primitive earwig Diplatys flavicollis (Shiraki) (Dermaptera: Diplatyidae). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 44: 29-32.

59. Machida, R. (2009) Reconstruction of hexapod basal clades from embryological evidence. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 43: 39-42.

58. Uchifune, T. and R. Machida (2009) The “Polyneopteran Comparative Embryological Project”: Present and future. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 43: 57-59.

57. Rost-Roszkowska, M. M., R. Machida and M. Fukui (2009) The role of cell death in the midgut epithelium in Filientomon takanawanum (Protura). Tissue and Cell, 42: 24-31.

56. Oka, K., D. S. Yamamoto, J. M. Lee, K. Tojo, M. Hatakeyama and R. Machida (2007) Development of embryonic appendages in the sawfly, Athalia rosae ruficornis Jakovlev (Hymenoptera): Morphological observation and cloning of a Distal-less orthologue. Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 42: 31-32.

55. Jintsu, Y., T. Uchifune and R. Machida (2007) Egg membranes of a web-spinner, Aposthonia japonica (Okajima) (Insecta: Embioptetra). Proceedings of the Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 42: 1-5.

54. Dallai, R., R. Machida, Y. Jintsu, F. Frati and P. Lupetti (2007) The sperm structure of Embioptera (Insecta) and phylogenetic considerations. Zoomorphology, 126: 53-59.

53. Kurihara, Y., R. Machida, M. Fukui, T. Okuda and S. Harayama (2006) Entomopathogenic fungi isolated from laboratory-reared Baculentulus densus (Acerentomidae, Protura). Edaphologia. 80: 25-28.

52. Machida, R. (2006) Evidence from embryology for reconstructing the relationships of hexapod basal clades. Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 64: 95-104.

51. Tsutsumi, K. and R. Machida (2006) Embryonic development of a snakefly, Inocellia japonica Okamoto: Its outline (Insecta: Neuroptera, Raphidiodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 41: 37-45.

50. Uchifune, T. and R. Machida (2006) Chorion of a South African heel-walker, Karoophasma biedouwensis Klass et al.: SEM obervations (Insecta: Mantophasmatodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 41: 29-35.

49. Fukui, M. and R. Machida (2006) Embryonic development of Baculentulus densus (Imadate): Its outline (Hexapoda: Protura, Acerentomidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 41: 21-28.

48. Masumoto, M. and R. Machida (2006) Development of embryonic membrane in the silverfish Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus (Insecta: Zygentomoa, Lepismatidae). Tissue and Cell, 38: 159-169.

47. Uchifune, T. and R. Machida (2005) Embryonic development of Galloisiana yuasai Asahina, with special reference to external morphology (Insecta: Grylloblattodea). Journal of Morphology, 266: 182-207.

46. Dallai, R., R. Machida, T. Uchifune, P. Lupeti and F. Frati (2005) The sperm structure of Galloisiana yuasai (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) and implications for the phylogenetic position of Grylloblattodea. Zoomorphology, 124: 205-212.

45. Kusakari, M. and R. Machida (2005) Germ band type of Dermaptera: A reference to some early embryos of Anisolabis maritima Gene (Insecta). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 40: 27-29.

44. Tsutsumi, T., K. Tojo and R. Machida (2005) Ovarian structure and oogenesis of the South African heel-walker Karoophasma biedouwensis (Insecta: Mantophasmatodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 40: 15-22.

43. Uchifune, T. and R. Machida (2005) Egg membranes of Galloisiana yuasai Asahina (Insecta: Grylloblattodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 40: 9-14.

42. Masumoto, M. and R. Machida (2005) Origin of ventral epidermis in a silverfish, Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus (Insecta: Zygentoma, Lepismatidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 40: 5-8.

41. Sakuma, M. and R. Machida (2005) Clypeolabrum formation of a centipede Scolopocryptops rubiginosus L. Koch (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 40: 1-4.

40. Tsutsumi, K. and R. Machida (2004) A new technique for elucidating the fine morphological structures of animals, applied to the analysis of the micropylar canal passage in a snakefly, Inocellia japonica Okamoto (Insecta: Neuroptera, Raphidiodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 39: 45-46.

39. Sakuma, M. and R. Machida (2004) Germ band formation of a centipede Scolopendra subspinipes L. Koch (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 39: 41-43.

38. Tojo, K., R. Machida, K.-D. Klass and M. D. Picker (2004) Biology of South African heel-walkers, with special reference to reproductive biology (Insecta: Mantophasmatodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 39: 15-21.

37. Machida, R., K. Tojo, T. Tsutsumi, T. Uchifune, K.-D. Klass, M. D. Picker and L. Pretorius (2004) Embryonic development of heel-walkers: Reference to some prerevolutionary stages (Insecta: Mantophasmatodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 39: 31-39.

36. Tojo, K., R. Machida, K.-D. Klass and M. D. Picker (2004) Transmission electron microscopic observations of the egg membranes of a South African heel-walker, Karoophasma biedouwensis (Insecta: Mantophasmatodea). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 39: 23-29.

35. Masumoto, M. and R. Machida (2004) Localization of lepismatid embryo in the egg, during the diapause stage (Hexapoda: Zygentoma, Lepismatidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 39: 9-13.

34. Machida, R. and I. Takahashi (2004) Rearing technique for proturans (Hexapoda: Protura). Pedobiologia, 48: 227-229.

33. Tojo, K. and R. Machida (2003) Useful techniques in embryological studies of mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Proceedings of Joint Meeting of X International Conference on Ephemeroptera and XIV International Symposium of Plecoptera., 205-209.

32. Machida, R. and I. Takahashi (2003) Embryonic development of a proturan Baculentulus densus (Imadate): Reference to some developmental satages (Hexapoda: Protura, Acerentomidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 38: 13-17.

31. Mendes, L. F. and R. Machida (2003) On some Zygentoma (Insecta) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia, 7: 381-390.

30. Tojo, K. and R. Machida (2002) Affinity of Ephemeroptera: A review of the proposed phylogenetic relationships of the major pterygote groups, the Ephemeroptera, Odonata and Neoptera, based on comparative embryology. In: "The 21th Century and Aquatic Entomology in East Asia. Proceedings of (Y. J. Bae ed.)", pp. 85-96. 1st Joint Meeting and Symposium of Aquatic Entomological Societies of East Asia.

29. Uchifune, T. and R. Machida (2002) Note on the early germ band stage in Galloisiana yuasai Asahina (Insecta: Notoptera). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 37: 45-48.

28. Masumoto, M. and R. Machida (2002) Amniotic pore of a silverfish, Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus (Hexapoda: Zygentoma, Lepismatidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 37: 25-27.

27. Sakuma, M. and R. Machida (2002) Germ band formation in a centipede Scolopocryptops rubiginosus L. Koch (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 37: 19-23.

26. Machida, R., Y. Ikeda and K. Tojo (2002) Evolutionary changes in developmental potentials of the embryo proper and embryonic membranes in Hexapoda: A synthesis revised. Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 37: 1-11.

25. Ikeda, Y. and R. Machida (2001) Embryogenesis of the dipluran Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans (Hexapoda: Diplura, Campodeidae): Formation of dorsal organ and related phenomena. Journal of Morphology, 249: 242-251.

24. Machida, R. (2000) Usefulness of low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy in descriptive insect embryology. Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 35: 17-19.

23. Machida, R. (2000) Serial homology of the mandible and maxilla in the jumping bristletail Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida, based on external embryology (Hexapoda: Archaeognatha, Machilidae). Journal of Morphology, 245(1): 19-28.

22. Tojo, K. and R. Machida (1998) Early embryonic development of the mayfly Ephemera japonica McLachlan (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Ephemeridae). Journal of Morphology, 238(4): 327-335.

21. Tojo, K. and R. Machida (1998) Egg structures of Japanese Ephemera (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae). Entomological Science, 1(4): 573-579.

20. Ikeda, Y. and R. Machida (1998) Embryogenesis of a dipluran, Lepidocampa weberi Oudemans (Hexapoda: Diplura): External morphology. Journal of Morphology, 237(2): 101-115.

19. Machida, R. and H. Ando (1998) Evolutionary changes in developmental potentials of the embryo proper and embryonic membranes along with the derivative structures in Atelocerata, with special reference to Hexapoda (Arthropoda). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 33: 1-13.

18. Tojo, K. and R. Machida (1997) Embryogenesis of Ephemera japonica McLachlan (Insecta: Ephemeroptera). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 32: 25-28.

17. Tojo, K. and R. Machida (1997) Embryogenesis of the mayfly Ephemera japonica McLachlan (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Ephemeridae), with special reference to abdominal formation. Journal of Morphology, 234: 97-107.

16. Machida, R. and R. Ohbayashi (1996) Thysanurans from the Ogasawara Islands (Zygentoma, Lepismatidae) Ctenolepisma longicaudata and Acrotelsa collaris new to the Japanese fauna. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 64: 365-366.

15. Mendes, L. F. and R. Machida (1994) A new myrmecophilous Ateluridae (Zygentoma) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62: 701-708.

14. Machida, R. and H. Ando (1994) Reduction of lateral yolk folds in flattened eggs of a jumping bristletail, Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Microcoryphia: Machilidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology, 23: 293-295.

13. Machida, R., T. Nagashima and H. Ando (1994) Embryonic development of the jumping bristletail Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida, with special reference to embryonic membranes (Hexapoda: Microcoryphia, Machilidae). Journal of Morphology, 220: 147-165.

12. Tsutsumi, T., R. Machida and K. Haga (1993) How can the panoism of Thysanoptera be understood? Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 28: 9-12.

11. Machida, R., T. Nagashima and H. Ando (1992) Amnioserosal fold of the jumping bristletail Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Hexapoda, Microcoryphia, Machilidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 27: 13-15.

10. Machida, R., T. Nagashima and H. Ando (1990) The early embryonic development of the jumping bristletail Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Hexapoda, Microcoryphia, Machilidae). Journal of Morphology, 206: 181-195.

9. Numajiri, R., T. Kishimoto and R. Machida (1989) A list of aquatic insects from two streams with different acidities in Sugadaira. Bulletin of the Sugadaira Montane Research Center University of Tsukuba, 10: 25-29.

8. Machida, R., H. Ando and T. Nagashima (1989) Cleavage of a jumping bristletail, Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Hexapaoda, Microcoryphia, Machilidae). Proceedings of Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, 24: 17-18.

7. Ando, H. and R. Machida (1987) Relationship between Notoptera and Dermaptera from the embryological standpoint. In: "Recent Advances in Insect Embryology in Japan and Poland (H. Ando & Cz. Jura eds.)", pp. 151-157. Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, Tsukuba.

6. Machida, R. and H. Ando (1985) Blastodermic cuticles of the jumping bristletail, Pedetontus unimaculatus (Microcoryphia, Machilidae). In: "Recent Advances in Insect Embryology in Japan (H. Ando & K. Miya eds.)", pp. 131-137. Arthropodan Embryological Society of Japan, Tsukuba.

5. Machida, R. (1985) A redescription of Pedetontus okajimae Silvestri, 1943 (Microcoryphia, Machilidae). Kontyu, 53: 527-535.

4. Machida, R. (1985) Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Microcoryphia, Machilidae) found on Yaku-shima Island. Kontyu, 53: 247-248.

3. Machida, R. and H. Ando (1981) Formation of midgut epithelium in the jumping bristletail Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Archaeognatha: Machilidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology, 10: 297-308.

2. Machida, R. (1981) External features of embryonic development of a jumping bristletail Pedetontus unimaculatus Machida (Insecta, Thysanura, Machilidae). Journal of Morphology, 168: 339-355.

1. Machida R. (1980) A new species of the genus Pedetontus from Japan (Insecta, Thysanura). Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 53: 220-225.








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